Argentina 1935-51 Definitives

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Here is my current study plan. It has three aspects:

1. Define all of the unique printings. I am following a cronological plan. I have completed a look at the 1935-44 watermarks, and am now just beginning an indepth look at the Ministeriales (officials for the eight government ministries), to be followed by a look at the typographed stamps.
2. The plate varieties by value (from 1/2c to 20 pesos)
3. Postal History, also chronologically (rates, cancels, markings, entires, perfins, box receipts).

tony

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I find a small RA for a 10c Type II with the 1E1 printing. Most other RA's I have seen from these printings are noticeably larger.



The 25c for this overprint was issued in 1937 and all of my specimens are 1E2 wartermark.



tony

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Here I include images of selected values with dated postmarks. After studying all of the issues for this watermark, I find that the 30c is only 1E1, and the 25c is only 1E2. It is interesting that stamps overprinted mostly in 1936, and in a small number of cases in 1937, are found used in 1939/40, when the "servicio oficial" issues were already in use. I postulate that these stamps were infrecuently used by this ministry.

March 1936



March 1938



April 1938



May 1938



July 1938



November 1938



March 1939



December 1940



tony

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Ahora que le he tomado escans a las filigranas RO de 1935 al 44, estoy en plan de describir todas las impresiones sobre los primeros dos papeles. Durante el corto estudio de los Ministeriales M.A. me di cuenta que los de 25c son definitivamente todos 1E2, del 1937, y los 30c son definitivamente todos 1E1, del 36.

Esto es lo que me propongo en termino de cronologia para la epoca 1935/36/37:

1. Los 'centavos' (1/2c, 1c, 2c, 3c SM verde, 4c gris, 5c offset, 6c, 10c I tipografiado, 12c castaño, 20c JMG) sobre el 1E1 de Octubre 1, 1935 (este es el papel "holandes mediano alveolado."
2. Los Ministeriales de estas impresiones, todos puestos en circulacion a finales de 1935 y principios de 1936.
3. Los 1c, 5c, 10c II tipografiados, y los offset 15c torito azul oscuro, 20c MG azul claro, y los valores de 25c a 20P ( peso con limites solamente) todos sobre papel 1E1.
4. Los Ministeriales de estas impresiones (grupo 3), todos puestos en circulacion durante 1936 (5c tipografiado, 10c II, 15c, 20c MG, 25c, 30c, 50c, 1p con limites).
5. Los de 1 peso sin limites sobre papel 1E1, y 1E2, de febrero 1937 en adelante. Este sello sale durante los ultimos meses en que se imprimen sellos del papel 1E1, y los primeros meses de impresiones 1E2. Me gustaria determinar cuando es que ocurrio el cambio de papeles de los 1E1 a los 1E2, o al menos cuando por primera vez salieron los 1E2.
6. Los Ministeriales del grupo 5.
7. Los 'centavos' sobre papel 1E2, del cual solo encuentro el 1/2c?
8. Los valores de 25c a 20P sobre papel 1E2, de los cuales no encuentro el 2p, 10P o el 20P. Quizas me falta el 2 pesos por que es de color oscuro, dificil para ser diferenciado con mi metodo digital?
9. Los Ministeriales sobre papel 1E2 de los valores 25c, 30c, 50c, 1p.

Y para todos necesitamos determinar cualos son verticales, y cuales horizontales. Dos 1E2:

Horizontal:



Vertical:



Mucho ocurrio durante los primeros dos años y tres meses de emision de P y R I.

Les pido ayuda sobre este tema. Si usan los 25c M.A. como comparacion, todos son 1E2. Como se debe describir este papel? No es el papel de las impresiones de 1939 (el cual creo yo es el 1E3, y es descrito en Uniphila).

saludos

rubiera

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About the 10c Rivadavia Red the articulo published by Tenorio Casal mentions the following:

During the first printings of this issue in 1935, "photoetched typography was used, which was used with success for the 10 centavos value. Te meet immediate needs, 1.200.000 stamps were printed, with the unique feature that the the design is more than 0,5 mm larger than the other values of the issue...At the same time there is a printing error, in which the tip of the inner coat as it meets the neck has a gap of missed design. After this quantity was used up, a second printing was placed in circulation December 17, 1935, with the smaller design. There are two types which can be differentiated in that in the first one the leftmost pocket near the name Bernardino is completely drawn in with color, while in the second one it is deffective."

First plate: 27 mm height, 21 mm width
Second Plate: 26.7 mm height, 20.6 mm width

"In september 1938 a third plate was used in two printings, with design dimensions similar to the second plate but with the leftmost pocket drawn in as in the first plate, and which features make differentiation of this stamp difficult."

"First plate: only one printing with all the Ministry Officials.
Second plate: two printings with all the Ministry Officials, except M.R.C.
Third Plate: two printings with all the Ministry Officials, except M.A., M.J.I. and M.R.C. These were also overprinted 'Servicio Oficial'."

tony

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Here are representative images of the four selvages found on this stamp. Next is to match these conclusively to the plates as described by Tenorio. It seems that the plate 1 early low volume printing he refers to is the first selvage, which has a small red stripe along the edge:

First selvage, with thin red stripe along the edge:

http://www.somestamps.com/domain-argent ... 029-b1.htm

This selvage is the same format as found on other "cents" 1E1 stamps issued October 1, 1935.





Because Tenorio mentions that the second plate has a type I and a type II, I am not sure which of these three selvages correspond to the second plate.

The selvage shown below is the same as that of the large block I described previously. It is Type I.

Selvage with six horizontal narrowly aligned stripes

http://www.somestamps.com/domain-argent ... 029-b3.htm





It is interesting that the selvage shown below is for type II stamps, but printed on a dark red that is similar to that used for the type I of 1935. This one may be one of the second plate printings.

Selvage with a single bar

http://www.somestamps.com/domain-argent ... 029-b2.htm





The last selvage found on this stamp correspond to the most common printing. This stamp was printed in a continuous roll press, and the selvage stripes are vertical to avoid ink collecting on the plate selvage. This selvage is for Type II stamps.

Vertical lines:

http://www.somestamps.com/domain-argent ... 029-b4.htm

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Thanks to a reference provided by one of the ‘Foreros,’ I learned about the existence of the book published by the Argentinean Post Office, Volume I, in 1939, by Antonio Deluca, and titled “Stamps and other postal and telegraph issues.” This book contains key information about Arg3551, about which Deluca mentions the following:

The decision to replace the San Martin issue by a new series came from 1931, but was abandoned due to the Argentinean Post Office ‘s economic hardship. Its director, Mr. Carlos Risso Dominguez, sent a memorandum to the Ministry of the Interior, dated November 28, 1932, in which he outlines basic facts about this series that I did not know before I obtained this book. The basic facts contained in this memorandum are:

1. There were several postal forgery incidents that cost the Argentinean Post Office a large loss of revenue. “In 1921 a postal forgery of the 5c stamp was found, and it incurred a loss of aproximately 1 million pesos of national currency in a few months. There seems to be an additional forgery of higher quality and affecting the 2c and 5c values. It is then without doubt that the prolonged use of the same stamp type conspires against its legitimacy and affects adversely our collection of revenue.”
2. Four categories were proposed for the new issue:

“a) Publish the likenesses of those signing the Declaration of Independence...”
“b) Publish the likenesses of those signing the 1853 Constitution...”
“c) Publish a selection of the likenesses of important military and civilian figures...and in addition add simbolic figures representing the Republic as shown on our currency, and mainly the Argentinean shield in its authentic model.”
“d) Finally...use the stamps for an increased awareness of our products and therefore put in effect a news-wrothy promotion in its favor, just as other countries do...”

There then take place several bureaucratic steps tipically required for a new stamp series: authorization by the Ministry of the Interior, design contest, and authorization by the President of the Republic. The second memorandum containing facts about this series was sent by the commission making recommendations on this new issue to the Argentinean Post Office on July 4 1933:
How this seriers came about

1. “ The commission proposes the portraits for the following important figures to be featured in as many issues: San Martin, Rivadavia, Moreno, Belgrano, Sarmiento, Mitre, Urquiza, Rodriguez, Guemes, Velez Sarsfield. Within the context of promoting, the commission indicates, of course, the map of the Argentinean Republic, and the following industries: Cattle, Agriculture, Oil, Wine-making, and Sugar Cane.”
2. This memorandum recommends the use of papel without watermark, somewhat thicker than the one being used at the time for typographed printing, and with white gum. It is interesting that the characteristics in this recommendation correspond to only one of the 18 papers for Arg3551: the NOP, or opaque paper not in the catalogs from aproximately 1948.
3. The recommended dimensions are: 19 by 24 mm, and 21 by 28 mm.
4. The designs and initial printing quantities recommended are:
1/2c Urquiza (50 millones); 1c Guemes (30 millones); 3c Rodriguez (120 millones); 5c Agricultura (60 millones); 6c Sarmiento (40 millones); 10c Belgrano (300 millones); 15c Mapa (20 millones); 20c Mitre (10 millones); 30c Sugar (12 millones); 35c Cattle (6 millones); 40c Wine-making (10 millones); 50c Velez Sarsfield (6 millones); 1p Oil Industry (2.5 millones); 5p Rivadavia (50000), 10p Moreno (20000), 20p San Martin (10000).
5. Only one design is recommended for the oficial issues, with each denomination having its own color: “The current system, is unappealing and very costly, because it forces specialized printings of the overprints. In addition, the wide range of papers and printings of the stamps and of the very same overprints, cause that collectors seek them, causing a disfunctional inventory, given that they cannot be acquired at post offices...” This memorandum includes other details about the official issues, including proposed values and printing quantities.

The Casa de Moneda (the Argentinean Treasury, in charge of printing stamps) makes the following design and respective denomination recommendations to the Argentinean Post Office on May 23, 1934:
Mitre 1/2c y 1c; Sarmiento 2c; Moreno 10c; Belgrano 5c y 20c; Southern National Park 12c; Sugar 10c; Argentinean Republic, wheat 15c; America and the Argentinean Republic, fruits of the country 5c; Oil 2c; Agriculture 10c; Republic and the farmer 5c; Christ of the Andes 2c; Republic and Shield 12c; Wheat Stalks 5c y 10c; Allegorical figure and wheat 10c; Iguazu Falls 50c. The most interesting fact in this memorandum is mention of Iguazu Falls. This memorandum mentions many designs that were not adopted.

Deluce mentions documents that relate to collaboration between the Argentinean Treasury and the Argentinean Post Office, it which the adopted characteristics are outlined: the use of a small format for the values up to 20c, and of the large format for values 25c and up.

On July 16 of 1934 the Patriot values as we know them from 1/2c to 20c were finalized. Durante the period spanning October 25, 1934 and February 13, 1935 the Resources values as we know them from 25c to 20 pesos were finalized.

On September 14, 1935, the Argentinean Post Office took the following actions:

1. Decides to issue on October 1, 1935 the 1/2c, 1c, 2c, 3c, 4c, 5c, 6c, 10c, 12c, y 20c (fullname version: JMG) values.
2. Demonetizes from January 1, 1936 onwards the previous (San Martin) issue.
3. Allows the exchange of San Martin stamps for the new stamps during the first 90 days of 1936.

On November 22, 1935, the Argentinean Post Office decides to issue the 15c, 25c, 30c, 40c, 50c, 1p with map boundaries, 2p, 5p, 10p, and 20p values January 1, 1936.

According to Deluca, public notice of the new issue “was made by special announcements, and the printing of 5000 stamps for each value.” I speculate that these stamps are the ones we come across with specimen ( “MUESTRA”) overprint.

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I use my own reference scheme to describe Arg3551. This reference scheme enables me to have a more complete listing of the issues. I consider it a temporary scheme until I am able to arrive at a fairly complete listing.

The scheme combines:
1. The donomination in a computer-friendly format: For example, instead of 1/2c I use 05c, and instead of 2 1/2 c, I use 2p5c.
2. Mention of the person on the stamp (optional) or name acronym: I need this naming convention for the 3 centavos stamp, which was issued with the San Martin (SM) and Mariano Moreno (M) designs. The 20c Martin Guemes was issued with (JMG) or without (MG) the middle name shown.
3. Reference to the paper if I know of more than one: There are 30c1E1, 30c1E2, etc. If the stamp was only issued on one paper, there is no need for this naming convention, as is the case for the 3cSMGr, which was only issued on the 1E1 paper.
4. An additional reference for a specific plate: This naming convention is required for the 10c Rivadavia red, with types I and II, and the 10c Rivadavia Brown, with types A and B.
5. An additional reference for a scpecific color: This naming conventions is required for the 15c Small Format Cattle, issued in dark blue and only on the 1E1 paper, as 15cSC-D, and also issued in light blue and on a later paper, as 15cSC-L.

I mention several examples that show how my naming convention works:
1. The 8c was issued on one design, on one paper, on one plate, and on one color. Reference: 8c.
2. The 10c Rivadavia was issued in red and a range of browns, on many papers, and on at least four plates. Example references: 10cR-I, 10cBRCL1-A.

For the 18 papers I use the following scheme:
1. The early papers with the first watermark are the 1Ex papers, with x as of this edition being 1 to 4.
2. The clay papers were printed in two groups, CL1A and CL1B in 1943; and CL2A and CL2B in the 1950s.
3. The unwatermarked papers are of two types: grid from 1945 (NGR), and opaque from approximately 1948 (NOP).
4. The paper with the second watermark is found in three types: clear (2C), diffuse (2D), and with narrow rays (2N).
5. The late papers with the first watermark are the 1Lx papers, with x as of this edition being 1 to 5.

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Now that I am sorting out all of the issues chronologically, its a good starting point to have a reference scan of this paper.



Notice that the dimensions of all of the features vary slightly, and especially, that there are small, medium, and large RA's.

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Here begins my first stab at grouping these stamps in a way that can help us identify all of the printings in this complex series.



This group is the first batch of "cents" issues. I am also including the 10c typographed. All of these stamps can be found on philatelic covers from the exhibition that took place in Buenos Aires in late October 1935.

The stamps are:
1/2c, 1c, 2c, 3c San Martin Green, 4c Gray, 5c offset, 6c, the various typographed printings of the 10c Rivadavia Red, the 12c Brown, and the two variations of the 20c Martin Guemes (Juan Martin Guemes-or JMG, and Martin Guemes-or MG). I am also including in this group the 20c Martin Guemes, even though it was issued sometime in 1936. This is a scheme in progress....



Here is a second example:

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This group is for the stamps in group 1 overprinted with Ministerial official overprints. The base stamps are the 1c, 2c, 3c San Martin Green, 5c offset, 10c Rivadavia Red, and the 20cJMG. I am including the 20cMG in this group for now even though it was issued sometime in 1936.



I find that there are four variations of the 10c Rivadavia Red stamps as issued with these overprints: each type (I and II) was printed in dark colors and then in lighter colors from worn plates. The Type I was mostly printed in dark red, and I am guessing that there aren't many type I's in light red (I only have the M.M.). There is the need to look through a bunch of these stamps and sort out the ones that were actually issued.

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This is the first batch of National Resources mid and high values: the 15cSC-D, 25c, 30c, 40c, 50c, 1pL, 2p, 5p, 10p, and 20p.

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This group corresponds to those stamps from group 3 that were issued as Ministerial overprints. The 25c was only issued on the 1E2 paper. The ones issued with this paper are the 15cSC-D, 30c, 50c, and 1pL.

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Now that I have typed the first four groups, I plan to type all of the remaining groups up to 1944:

5. The 1p without boundaries 1E1 and 1E2.
6. The Departmental Officials and 'Servicio Oficial' issues for the 1p without boundaries.
7. The typographed issues of 1937 and onwards on the 1E1 paper: 1c, 5c, and 10c last plate.
8. The Departmental Officials and 'Servicio Oficial' issues for group 7.
9. The 1E2 issues. Because I only find the 1/2c for the small format issues, I am grouping the entire range here for this paper (1/2c to 20p).
10. The Departmental Officials and 'Servicio Oficial' issues for group 9.
11. The 1939 clay paper issues for the 5c and 10c Brown.
12. The 'Servicio Oficial' issues for group 9.
13. The 1939 color changes for the "cents" issues and all small format on the 1E3 paper.
14. The 'Servicio Oficial' issues for group 13.
15. The 25c to 20 pesos issues on the 1E3 paper.
16. The 'Servicio Oficial' issues for group 15.
17. The 15c Martin Guemes and the 20c Large Format cattle on the 1E3 paper from 1942, including the 15cMG 'Servicio Oficial.'
18. The 1942 issues on the 1E4 paper from 1/2c to 20 pesos.
19. The 'Servicio Oficial' issues for group 18.
20. The 1943 clay paper issues 5c/10c and large format stamps.
21. The 'Servicio Oficial' issues for group 20.
22. The second watermark issues from before 1945: at least I know about the 20cLC for these (2N paper).
23. Are there 'Servicio Oficial' issues for group 22?

tony

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The following cover makes me pose two questions:

1. How small is the town Cruz Chica? I haven't come across this postmark elsewhere.
2. Does anyone have additional specimens like this 1p1E, with a splatter of blue dots covering the entire stamp?





tony

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I have previously shown the following plate variety on the 25c2C, the stamp on the second watermark paper-straight rays.



Here is a second specimen, on the 1L printing "Servicio Oficial" narrow.



A detail of the overprint:



A detail of the damage to the outer edge of the die. This plate was in use approximately during 1949-1952. I would like to see additional specimens in other collections.



tony

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I just received this specimen from an eBay seller. It looks genuine. The stamp:



The overprint:



It looks like a 1E4 paper:



tony

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Here are three specimens of the 5c1E with this variety. From the number of specimens that I have, and from small variations in the design of these three specimens, it it possible that there is more than one position on the plate with this variety. Does anyone have a block with more than one of these?













In addition, I do not find any 5c1Et (typographed) with this variety. I wonder if the error was corrected before the typographed stamps were overprinted.

tony

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There are three major printing types for this time period. The first printing, for which the earliest specimen I have is dated in June 1937, is light brown and printed on the 1E1 paper.



The second type is a red medium brown, and dates from early 1938. It is printed on the 1E1 paper and shows various stages of deep plate wear, especially on the face of Moreno.



The third type looks a lot like the second, except it is printed on the CL1A paper, the first clay paper. This paper is not as thin and shiny as the CL1B paper. An early specimen, from August 1938, is shown below.



The backscans of the CL1A are opaque.



For additional specimens, please check this link:

http://www.somestamps.com/domain-argent ... -035-1.htm

tony

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I have loaded to somestamps a range of 1p1E covers, modtly from 1937. Here is the link to all of these covers:

http://www.somestamps.com/domain-argent ... -036-1.htm

Here is a cover from April 1937. This stamp was issued February 1, 1937.



Here is a cover to Italy:



tony